The ledger
Grade changes
Grades on this site are computed from recorded study facts, not written — so when the facts change, the grade moves, and the movement lands here automatically. Each entry below was detected by comparing one content build with the next. None of them can be authored by hand, including by us.
22 August 2026
NAD+ (direct supplementation): Intravenous NAD+ increases NAD+ availability in the body
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 31572171.
22 August 2026
NAD+ (direct supplementation): Extends human lifespan or slows ageing
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Fisetin: Clears senescent cells and extends lifespan
New appraisalPreclinicalFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 30279143.
22 August 2026
Fisetin: Improves function or health outcomes in humans
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Coenzyme Q10: Improves outcomes as an adjunct treatment in chronic heart failure
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 25282031.
22 August 2026
Coenzyme Q10: Combined with selenium, reduces cardiovascular mortality in elderly people with low selenium status
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 29641571.
22 August 2026
Coenzyme Q10: Slows ageing in healthy adults
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Berberine: Improves blood glucose and lipid markers in people with metabolic dysfunction
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 18442638, PMID 40740996.
22 August 2026
Berberine: Matches GLP-1 drugs for weight loss
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Curcumin: Reduces knee osteoarthritis pain
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 38036015.
22 August 2026
Curcumin: Lowers C-reactive protein
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 23922235.
22 August 2026
Curcumin: Extends human lifespan or slows ageing
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Cold exposure: Activates brown fat and increases cold-induced thermogenesis
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 34755128.
22 August 2026
Cold exposure: Improves health and wellbeing
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 39879231.
22 August 2026
GLP-1 receptor agonists: Reduces cardiovascular events in adults with overweight or obesity and existing cardiovascular disease
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 37952131.
22 August 2026
GLP-1 receptor agonists: Produces substantial weight loss in adults with obesity
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 33567185.
22 August 2026
GLP-1 receptor agonists: Extends human lifespan
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Resveratrol: Improves glucose control and insulin sensitivity in people without diabetes
New appraisalAgainstFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 24695890.
22 August 2026
Resveratrol: Higher resveratrol exposure is associated with lower mortality
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 24819981.
22 August 2026
Resveratrol: Extends human lifespan
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Urolithin A: Improves muscle endurance in older adults
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 35050355.
22 August 2026
Urolithin A: Improves biomarkers of mitochondrial health
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 32694802.
22 August 2026
Sleep: Both short and long habitual sleep are associated with higher all-cause mortality
New appraisalModerateFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 20469800, PMID 28889101.
22 August 2026
Sleep: Deliberately changing sleep improves hard health outcomes
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
Aerobic exercise: Regular aerobic activity and higher fitness are associated with markedly lower all-cause mortality
New appraisalModerateFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 25082581, PMID 30646252.
22 August 2026
Aerobic exercise: A prescribed exercise programme reduces mortality beyond general activity advice
New appraisalAgainstFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 33028588.
22 August 2026
Collagen peptides: Improves instrument-measured skin elasticity and hydration
New appraisalModerateFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 23949208, PMID 24401291, PMID 33742704.
22 August 2026
Collagen peptides: Reduces activity-related joint pain
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 18416885.
22 August 2026
Collagen peptides: Adds to muscle and strength gains from resistance training in elderly men
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 26353786.
22 August 2026
Collagen peptides: Slows ageing or extends human lifespan
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim.
22 August 2026
BPC-157: Accelerates tendon and soft-tissue healing
New appraisalPreclinicalFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 42542926.
22 August 2026
BPC-157: Improves injury recovery in humans
New appraisalInsufficientFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 40756949.
22 August 2026
GHK-Cu: Regenerates ageing skin
New appraisalPreclinicalFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 26236730.
22 August 2026
Epithalon: Lengthens telomeres
New appraisalPreclinicalFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 40908429.
22 August 2026
Epithalon: Extends human lifespan
New appraisalEarlyFirst published appraisal of this claim. Study links added: PMID 22451889.
Tracking since 22 August 2026. How grades are derived is documented in full in the methodology.